% \iffalse meta-comment
%
% phoenician.dtx
% Copyright 1999 Peter R. Wilson
%
% This program is provided under the terms of the
% LaTeX Project Public License distributed from CTAN
% archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt.
%
% Author: Peter Wilson (CUA and NIST) (now at: peter.r.wilson@boeing.com)
% 
% 
%<*driver>
\documentclass{ltxdoc}
\EnableCrossrefs
\CodelineIndex
\setcounter{StandardModuleDepth}{1}
\begin{document}
  \DocInput{phoenician.dtx}
\end{document}
%</driver>
%
% \fi
%
% \CheckSum{33}
%
% \DoNotIndex{\',\.,\@M,\@@input,\@addtoreset,\@arabic,\@badmath}
% \DoNotIndex{\@centercr,\@cite}
% \DoNotIndex{\@dotsep,\@empty,\@float,\@gobble,\@gobbletwo,\@ignoretrue}
% \DoNotIndex{\@input,\@ixpt,\@m}
% \DoNotIndex{\@minus,\@mkboth,\@ne,\@nil,\@nomath,\@plus,\@set@topoint}
% \DoNotIndex{\@tempboxa,\@tempcnta,\@tempdima,\@tempdimb}
% \DoNotIndex{\@tempswafalse,\@tempswatrue,\@viipt,\@viiipt,\@vipt}
% \DoNotIndex{\@vpt,\@warning,\@xiipt,\@xipt,\@xivpt,\@xpt,\@xviipt}
% \DoNotIndex{\@xxpt,\@xxvpt,\\,\ ,\addpenalty,\addtolength,\addvspace}
% \DoNotIndex{\advance,\Alph,\alph}
% \DoNotIndex{\arabic,\ast,\begin,\begingroup,\bfseries,\bgroup,\box}
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% \DoNotIndex{\cdot,\cite,\CodelineIndex,\cr,\day,\DeclareOption}
% \DoNotIndex{\def,\DisableCrossrefs,\divide,\DocInput,\documentclass}
% \DoNotIndex{\DoNotIndex,\egroup,\ifdim,\else,\fi,\em,\endtrivlist}
% \DoNotIndex{\EnableCrossrefs,\end,\end@dblfloat,\end@float,\endgroup}
% \DoNotIndex{\endlist,\everycr,\everypar,\ExecuteOptions,\expandafter}
% \DoNotIndex{\fbox}
% \DoNotIndex{\filedate,\filename,\fileversion,\fontsize,\framebox,\gdef}
% \DoNotIndex{\global,\halign,\hangindent,\hbox,\hfil,\hfill,\hrule}
% \DoNotIndex{\hsize,\hskip,\hspace,\hss,\if@tempswa,\ifcase,\or,\fi,\fi}
% \DoNotIndex{\ifhmode,\ifvmode,\ifnum,\iftrue,\ifx,\fi,\fi,\fi,\fi,\fi}
% \DoNotIndex{\input}
% \DoNotIndex{\jobname,\kern,\leavevmode,\let,\leftmark}
% \DoNotIndex{\list,\llap,\long,\m@ne,\m@th,\mark,\markboth,\markright}
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% \DoNotIndex{\protect,\ProvidesClass,\raggedbottom,\raggedright}
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% \DoNotIndex{\rightmargin,\rightmark,\rightskip,\rlap,\rmfamily,\roman}
% \DoNotIndex{\roman,\secdef,\selectfont,\setbox,\setcounter,\setlength}
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%
% \changes{v1.0}{1999/03/14}{First public release}
%
% \def\fileversion{v1.0}
% \def\filedate{1999/03/14}
% \newcommand*{\Lpack}[1]{\textsf {#1}}           ^^A typeset a package
% \newcommand*{\Lopt}[1]{\textsf {#1}}            ^^A typeset an option
% \newcommand*{\file}[1]{\texttt {#1}}            ^^A typeset a file
% \newcommand*{\Lcount}[1]{\textsl {\small#1}}    ^^A typeset a counter
% \newcommand*{\pstyle}[1]{\textsl {#1}}          ^^A typeset a pagestyle
% \newcommand*{\Lenv}[1]{\texttt {#1}}            ^^A typeset an environment
% \newcommand{\BC}{\textsc{bc}}
% \newcommand{\AD}{\textsc{ad}}
%
% \title{The \Lpack{Phoenician} fonts\thanks{This
%        file has version number \fileversion, last revised
%        \filedate.}}
%
% \author{%
% Peter Wilson\\
% Catholic University of America \\
% Now at {\tt peter.r.wilson@boeing.com}
% }
% \date{\filedate}
% \maketitle
% \begin{abstract}
%    The \Lpack{phoenician} package provides a set of fonts for the Phoenician
% alphabet.
% \end{abstract}
% \tableofcontents
%
% \StopEventually{}
%
% 
%
% \section{Introduction}
%
% The Phoenician alphabet and characters is a direct ancestor of our modern day
% Latin alphabet and fonts. 
% The font presented here is one of a series of fonts intended to show how
% the modern Latin alphabet has evolved from its original Phoenician form
% to its present day appearance.
% 
% This manual is typeset according to the conventions of the
% \LaTeX{} \textsc{docstrip} utility which enables the automatic
% extraction of the \LaTeX{} macro source files~\cite{GOOSSENS94}.
%
%    Section~\ref{sec:usc} describes the usage of the package.
% Commented code for the fonts is in Sections~\ref{sec:mf} and~\ref{sec:fd}
% and source code for the package is in Section~\ref{sec:code}.
%
% \subsection{An alphabetic tree}
%
%    Scholars are reasonably agreed that all the world's alphabets are descended
% from a Semitic alphabet invented about 1600~\BC{} in the Middle 
% East~\cite{DRUCKER95}. The word `Semitic' refers
% to the family of languages used in the geographical area from
% Sinai in the south, up the Mediterranean coast to Asia Minor in the north and
% west to the valley of the Euphrates.
%
%    The Phoenician alphabet was stable by about 1100~\BC{} and the script was
% written right to left. In earlier times the writing direction was variable, 
% and so were
% the shapes and orientation of the characters. The alphabet consisted of
% 22 letters and they were named after things. For example, their first two 
% letters were called \textit{aleph} (ox), and \textit{beth} (house). 
% The Phoenician script had
% only one case --- unlike our modern fonts which have both upper- and 
% lower-cases. In modern terms the Phoenician abecedary was: \\
% A B G D E Y Z H $\Theta$ I K L M N X O P ts Q R S T \\
% where the `Y' (\textit{vau}) character was sometimes written as `F', and
% `ts' stands for the \textit{tsade} character.
%
%    The Greek alphabet is one of the descendants of the Phoenician alphabet;
% another was Aramaic which is the ancestor of the Arabic, Persian and Indian 
% scripts.
% Initially Greek was written right to left but around the 6th C~\BC{} became 
% \textit{boustrophedron}, meaning that the lines 
% alternated in direction. At about 500~\BC{} the writing direction stabilised 
% as left to 
% right. The Greeks modified the Phoenician alphabet to match the vocalisation
% of their language. They kept the Phoenician names of the letters, suitably
% `greekified', so \textit{aleph} became the familar \textit{alpha} and 
% \textit{beth} became \textit{beta}. At this
% point the names of the letters had no meaning. Their were several variants
% of the Greek character glyphs until they were finally fixed in Athens in
% 403~\BC.
% The Greeks did not develop a lower-case 
% script until about 600--700~\AD.
%
%    The Etruscans based their alphabet on the Greek one, and again modified it.
% However, the Etruscans wrote right to left, so their borrowed characters are 
% mirror images of the original Greek ones. Like the Phoenicians, the Etruscan
% script consisted of only one case; they died out before ever needing a
% lower-case script. The Etruscan script was used up until the first century 
% \AD, even though the Etruscans themselves had dissapeared by that time.
% 
%
%    In turn, the Romans based their alphabet on the Etruscan one, but as they 
% wrote left to right, the characters were again mirrored (although the early
% Roman inscriptions are boustrophedron). 
%
%    As the English alphabet is descended from the Roman alphabet
% it has a pedigree of some three and a half thousand years.
%
% \section{The \Lpack{phoenician} package} \label{sec:usc}
%
%    The Phoenician alphabet consisted of 22 letters.
% The Phoenician font as provided here consists of 23 letter shapes
% as there appears to be two forms of the letter \textit{vau}. 
% I have used infromation from Johanna Drucker~\cite{DRUCKER95} and
% Richard Firmage~\cite{FIRMAGE93}, as well as the
% \textit{Encyclopedia Brittanica}, in deciding on the letter shapes.
%
%
% \DescribeMacro{\TTheta}
% \DescribeMacro{\TXi}
% \DescribeMacro{\Tsade}
% Many of the Phoenician characters 
% have a direct correspondence with the modern Latin alphabet. 
% For those characters that have a direct correspondance I have mapped
% the Phoenician letter to the uppercase Latin letter. 
% For those Phoenician characters
% have no Latin parallel but do have a Greek parallel, I have provided commands
% similar to the normal \LaTeX{} commands for greek, but with a `T' prefix.
% For example, |\TTheta| for the Phoenician version of the Greek Theta 
% ($\Theta$). (The initial `T' stands for `Text' as the commands can be
% used outside math mode). The Phoenician \textit{tsade} is accessed via 
% the |\Tsade| command. 
% 
% The letter sequence
% for the Phoenician alphabet in this mapping is:\\
% |A B G D E F (or V) Z H \TTheta I K L M N \TXi O P \Tsade Q R S T|.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\tTheta}
% \DescribeMacro{\tXi}
% \DescribeMacro{\tsade}
%    I have also provided a font for right-to-left writing, where the characters
% appear as mirror images. This reversed font is accessible by typing the
% lower-case Latin characters rather than the upper-case ones (or the other
% commands as for the left-to-right font, but starting with a lower-case version
% of the initial letter of the command). 
% The abecedary as the Phoenicians would have written it (right to left) 
% in this form is: \\
% |t s r q \tsade p o \tXi n m l k i \tTheta h z f (or v) e d g b a|.
%
%
% \DescribeMacro{\phncfamily}
%    This command selects the Phoenician font family. The family name is |phnc|.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\textphnc}
% The command |\textphnc{|\meta{text}|}| typesets \meta{text} in the
% Phoenician font.
%     
%
% \section{The Metafont code} \label{sec:mf}
%
% \subsection{The parameter file}
%
%    We deal with the parameter file first, and start by announcing
% what it is for.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*up>
%%% PHNC10.MF  Computer Phoenician font 10 point design size.

%    \end{macrocode}
%    Specify the font size.
%    \begin{macrocode}

font_identifier:="phoenician"; font_size 10pt#;

%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{u} 
% \begin{macro}{ht} 
% \begin{macro}{s} 
% \begin{macro}{o} 
% \begin{macro}{px} 
% \begin{macro}{font-normal-space} 
% \begin{macro}{font-normal-shrink} 
% \begin{macro}{font-x-height} 
% \begin{macro}{font-quad}
%    Define the very simple font parameters.
%    \begin{macrocode}
u#:=.2pt#;                 % unit width
ht#:=7pt#;                 % height of characters (CM cap-height is approx 6.8pt)
s#:=1.5pt#;                % width correction (right and left)
o#:=1/20pt#;               % overshoot
px#:=.7pt#;                % horizontal width of pen
font_normal_space:=7pt#;   % width of a blank space
font_normal_shrink:=.9pt#; % width correction for blank space
font_x_height:=4.5pt#;     % height of one ex
font_quad:=10pt#;          % an em

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
%    Finally, call the driver file for the Phoenician font.
%    \begin{macrocode} 
input phnctitle      %% switch to the driver file---Phoenician title

end

%</up>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \subsection{The driver file}
%
%    Announce the file and switch into Metafont mode
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*mfd>
% This is PHNCTITLE.MF. It makes the short Phoenician font.

font_coding_scheme:="Phoenician glyphs";
mode_setup;

%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{ho}
% \begin{macro}{leftloc}
% \begin{macro}{py}
%  Perform additional setup.
%    \begin{macrocode}
ho#:=o#;                   % horizontal overshoot
leftloc#:=s#;              % leftmost xcoord of character
py#:=.9px#;                % vertical thickness of the pen

define_pixels(s,u);
define_blacker_pixels(px,py);
define_good_x_pixels(leftloc);
define_corrected_pixels(o);             % turn on overshoot correction
define_horizontal_corrected_pixels(ho);  

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{midloc}
% \begin{macro}{rightloc}
%    Variables for the middle xcoord and rightmost xcoord of a character.
%    \begin{macrocode}
numeric midloc, rightloc;
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{stylus}
%    Define the pen.
%    \begin{macrocode}
pickup pencircle xscaled px yscaled py;
stylus:=savepen;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{beginglyph}
%    A macro to save some typing of beginchar arguments.
%    \begin{macrocode}
def beginglyph(expr code, unit_width) =
  beginchar(code, unit_width*ht#+2s#, ht#, 0);
  midloc:=1/2w; rightloc:=(w-s);
  pickup stylus enddef;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{cmchar}
%    |cmchar| should precede each character
%    \begin{macrocode}
let cmchar=\;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% 
%    Finally, input the file that does all the work.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
input phncglyph;        % Phoenician glyphs

end

%</mfd>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{The glyph code}
%
%    The following code generates the glyphs for the Phoenician font. The characters
% are defined in the Phoenician alphabetic ordering.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*maj>
% PHNCGLYPH.MF Program file for Phoenician font.
%
%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{A}
% The Phoenician \textit{alpeh} (ox), which is like our A but tilted.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter A";
beginglyph("A",0.6);
x3=rightloc; y3=0.5h;                % apex
x1=0.1[leftloc, rightloc]; y1=0.1h; % bottom leg end
z2=(leftloc,0.9h);                    % top leg end
x7= 0.7[leftloc, rightloc]; y7=0;   % construction points
x6= 0.2[leftloc, rightloc]; y6=h;
z4'= whatever[z1,z3] = whatever[z7,z6]; % bottom leg intersection
z5'= whatever[z2,z3] = whatever[z7,z6]; % top leg intersection
z4 = 1.2[z5', z4']; z5 = 1.1[z4', z5'];
draw z1--z3--z2;    % the legs
draw z4--z5;        % the bar
labels(1,2,3,4,4',5,5',6,7);
endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{B}
% The Phoenician \textit{beth} (house), somewhat like a modern P.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter B";
beginglyph("B",0.6);
x1=x3=0.2[leftloc, rightloc];
rt x4=rightloc; y4= 0.75h;
x2=leftloc;
bot y1=-o; top y3=h; y2=0.5h;
draw z1..z2..z3;               % the upright
draw z3--z4--z2;               % upper bowl
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{G}
%    The Phoenician \textit{gimel} (camel). Like a broken topped T.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter G";
beginglyph("G", 0.6);
x3=leftloc; x1=x2=midloc; x4=rightloc;
bot y1=-o; y2=y3=h;
y4=0.8h;
draw z1--z2;      % the stem
draw z3--z2--z4;  % the top bar
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{D}
% The Phoenician \textit{daleth} (door); it's like the Greek \textit{delta} ($\Delta$).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter D";
beginglyph("D",0.6);
x1=leftloc; x2=rightloc; x3=midloc;
bot y1= bot y2= 0; top y3=h;
draw z1--z2--z3--cycle;
labels(1,2,3); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{E}
% The Phoenician \textit{he} (window?), like a droopy E.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter E";
beginglyph("E",0.6);
numeric alpha;
alpha:=0.1;
x4=x5=x6=x7=leftloc;
x1=x2=x3=rightloc; 
bot y4=-o; y7=h;
y6=.7h; y5=.4h;
y1=y5-alpha*h; y2=y6-alpha*h; y3=y7-alpha*h;
draw z4--z7;                           % the upright
draw z1--z5; draw z2--z6; draw z3--z7; % the arms
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{F}
% This is one of forms of the Phoenician \textit{vau} (nail). 
% It's like a 2-armed E.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter F";
beginglyph("F",0.6);
numeric alpha;
alpha:=0.1;
x4=x5=x6=x7=leftloc;
x1=x2=x3=rightloc; 
bot y4=-o; y7=h;
y6=.6h; y5=.4h;
y1=y5-alpha*h; y2=y6-alpha*h; y3=y7-alpha*h;
draw z4--z7;                           % the upright
draw z2--z6; draw z3--z7;              % the arms
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{Z}
% The Phoenician \textit{zayin} (dagger?). It looks like a modern seriffed I.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter Z";
beginglyph("Z",0.2);
x1=x2=midloc;
bot y1=-o; top y2=h;
draw z1--z2;         % the upright
x3=x5=leftloc; x4=x6=rightloc;
y3=y4=y1;  y5=y6=y2;
draw z3--z4;         % lower bar
draw z5--z6;         % upper bar
labels(1,2); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% 
%
%
% \begin{macro}{H}
% The Phoenician \textit{cheth} (fence?). It looks like a rectangle with two horizontal 
%  internal bars.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter H";
beginglyph("H", 0.6);
numeric alpha;
alpha:=0.1;
x4=x6=leftloc;
x1=x3=rightloc; 
bot y1=-o; top y6=h;
y3=y6-alpha*h; y4=y1+alpha*h;
z2=0.35[z1,z3]; z5=0.35[z4,z6]; % ends of one bar
z7=0.65[z1,z3]; z8=0.65[z4,z6]; % other bar
draw z1--z3--z6--z4--cycle;     % outer boundary
draw z2--z5; draw z7--z8;       % the bars

labels(1,2,3,4,5,6); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{Thet}
% The Phoenician \textit{thet}. It's a precursor of the Greek \textit{theta} ($\Theta$).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter thet";
beginglyph(oct"002",1.0);
path p;
x1=leftloc; x3=rightloc;
y2=h; y4=0;
x2=x4=midloc;
y1=y3=h/2;
z100=(x2,y3);  % circle center
p = z1..z2..z3..z4..cycle;
z11= (z100--(leftloc,h)) intersectionpoint p;
z12= (z100--(rightloc,h)) intersectionpoint p;
z13= (z100--(rightloc,0)) intersectionpoint p;
z14= (z100--(leftloc,0)) intersectionpoint p;
draw p;
draw z11--z13; draw z12--z14;   % the cross
labels(1,2,3,4,11,12,13,14); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{I}
% The Phoenician \textit{yod} (hand).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter I";
beginglyph("I",0.2);
x1=x2=midloc;
bot y1=-o; top y2=h;
draw z1--z2;
labels(1,2); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{K}
% The Phoenician \textit{kaph} (palm of the hand).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter K";
beginglyph("K",0.6);
numeric alpha;
alpha:=0.8;
z1=(rightloc,0);
z3=(rightloc,h);
z5=(leftloc,h);
z4=alpha[z1,z5];
z2=alpha[z1,z3];
draw z1--z5;     % the stem
draw z3--z4--z2; % arms
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{L}
% The Phoenician \textit{lamed} (ox goad).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter L";
beginglyph("L",0.4);
x2=x3=leftloc;
x1=rightloc; 
bot y2=-o; 
y1=.3h;
y3=h;
draw z2--z3;               % the upright
draw z2--z1;               % the arms
labels(1,2,3); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{M}
% The Phoenician \textit{mem} (water).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar"Phoenician letter M";
beginglyph("M",1.0);
x1=rightloc;
x5=x6=leftloc;
x2=3/4[x5,x1]; x3=1/2[x5,x1]; x4=1/4[x5,x1]; 
bot y6= -o;
top y5= top y3 = h;
top y1=.8h;
y2=.6h;
y4=.7h;
draw z6--z5;
draw z1--z2--z3--z4--z5;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{N}
% The Phoenician \textit{nun} (fish).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter N";
beginglyph("N",0.6);
x1=rightloc;
x3=midloc; x2=x4=leftloc;
bot y2=-o;
top y1= top y4= h;
y3=.7h;
draw z2--z4;
draw z1--z3--z4;
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{Xi}
% The Phoenician \textit{samech} (post). 
% It is a progenitor of the Greek \textit{xi} ($\Xi$).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter Xi";
beginglyph(oct"004", 0.6);
x1= x2 = midloc;
x3=x4=x5=leftloc;
x6=x7=x8=rightloc;
y1=0; 
y3=y6=0.4h;
y4=y7=0.7h;
y5=y2=y8=h;
draw z1--z2;                            % upright
draw z3--z6; draw z4--z7; draw z5--z8;  % arms
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{O}
% The Phoenician \textit{ayin} (eye).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter O";
beginglyph("O",1.0);
x1=leftloc; x3=rightloc;
y2=h; y4=0;
x2=x4=midloc;
y1=y3=h/2;
draw z1..z2..z3..z4..cycle;
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{P}
% The Phoenician \textit{pe} (mouth).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter P";
beginglyph("P", 0.4);
x1=rightloc; x2=x3=leftloc;
bot y3=-o; y2=h;
y1=0.8h;
draw z1..z2{left}--z3;
labels(1,2,3); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{Tsade}
% The Phoenician \textit{tsade}. I'll map this to W.
%    \begin{macrocode}

cmchar "Phoenician letter tsade";
beginglyph("W", 0.6);
x1=x2=rightloc;
x3=0.4[leftloc, rightloc];
x4=0.6[leftloc, rightloc];
x5=leftloc;
y1=0;
y2=y3=h;
y4=y5=0.8h;
draw z1--z2--z3--z4--z5;
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{Q}
% The Phoenician \textit{qoph} (knot?).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter Q";
beginglyph("Q",0.6);
numeric alpha;
x1=leftloc;
x3=rightloc;
alpha=0.5(x3-x1);  % circle radius
y2=h;
y4=y2-2alpha;
bot y5=-o;
x2=x4=x5=midloc;
y1=y3=h-alpha;
draw z1..z2..z3..z4..cycle;  % the circle
draw z5--z2;                 % the upright
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{R}
% The Phoenician \textit{resh} (head). It looks a little like a P.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter R";
beginglyph("R", 0.4);
x1=x2=x3=leftloc; x4=rightloc;
bot y1=-o; top y2=h;
y3=y4=0.5h; 
draw z1--z2--z4--z3;
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{S}
% The Phoenician \textit{shin} (teeth). It's like a Greek \textit{sigma} ($\Sigma$)
% lying on its side.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter S";
beginglyph("S", 0.6);
z1=(leftloc,h); z5=(rightloc,h);
x2 = 0.2[leftloc, rightloc]; x4 = 0.8[leftloc, rightloc];
x3=midloc;
y2=y4=0;
y3 = 0.4h;
draw z1--z2--z3--z4--z5;
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{T}
% The Phoenician \textit{tav} (mark).
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter T";
beginglyph("T", 0.5);
x1=x2=midloc;
x3=leftloc; x4=rightloc;
bot y1=0; y2=h;
y3=y4=0.6h;
draw z1--z2;      % the stem
draw z3--z4;      % the crossbar
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{V}
%    Another form of the Phoenician \textit{vau}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter V";
beginglyph("V", 0.6);
x1=x2=midloc;
x3=leftloc; x4=rightloc;
bot y1=0; y2=0.6h;
y3=y4=h;
draw z1--z2;          % the stem
draw z3--z2--z4;      % the crossbar

labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
%
%     The following characters are for the normal Phoenician writing mode
% of right to left. The characters are mirror images of the ASCII uppercase
% counterparts. Symmetric characters that are called by \LaTeX{} commands
% need not be coded.
% 
% \begin{macro}{a}
%    The letter A. This is symmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter a";
beginglyph("a",0.6);
x3=leftloc; y3=0.5h;                % apex
x1=0.9[leftloc, rightloc]; y1=0.1h; % bottom leg end
z2=(rightloc,0.9h);                    % top leg end
x7= 0.3[leftloc, rightloc]; y7=0;   % construction points
x6= 0.8[leftloc, rightloc]; y6=h;
z4'= whatever[z1,z3] = whatever[z7,z6]; % bottom leg intersection
z5'= whatever[z2,z3] = whatever[z7,z6]; % top leg intersection
z4 = 1.2[z5', z4']; z5 = 1.1[z4', z5'];
draw z1--z3--z2;    % the legs
draw z4--z5;        % the bar
labels(1,2,3,4,4',5,5',6,7);
endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{b}
%    The letter B, which is asymmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter b";
beginglyph("b",0.6);
x1=x3=0.2[rightloc, leftloc];
lft x4=leftloc; y4= 0.75h;
x2=rightloc;
bot y1=-o; top y3=h; y2=0.5h;
draw z1..z2..z3;   % the upright
draw z3--z4--z2;   % the bowl
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{g}
%    The letter G which is asymmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter g";
beginglyph("g", 0.6);
x3=rightloc; x1=x2=midloc; x4=leftloc;
bot y1=-o; y2=y3=h;
y4=0.8h;
draw z1--z2;      % the stem
draw z3--z2--z4;  % top bar
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{d}
%    The letter D which is symmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter d";
beginglyph("d",0.6);
x1=leftloc; x2=rightloc; x3=midloc;
bot y1= bot y2= 0; top y3=h;
draw z1--z2--z3--cycle;
labels(1,2,3); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{e}
%    The letter E which is asymmetrical. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter e";
beginglyph("e",0.6);
numeric alpha;
alpha:=0.1;
x1=x2=x3=leftloc; x4=x5=x6=x7=rightloc;
bot y4=-o; y7=h;
y6=.7h; y5=.4h;
y1=y5-alpha*h; y2=y6-alpha*h; y3=y7-alpha*h;
draw z4--z7;                           % the upright
draw z1--z5; draw z2--z6; draw z3--z7; % the arms
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{f}
%    The letter F which is asymmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter f";
beginglyph("f",0.6);
numeric alpha;
alpha:=0.1;
x1=x2=x3=leftloc; x4=x5=x6=x7=rightloc;
bot y4=-o; y7=h;
y6=.6h; y5=.4h;
y1=y5-alpha*h; y2=y6-alpha*h; y3=y7-alpha*h;
draw z4--z7;                           % the upright
draw z2--z6; draw z3--z7;              % the arms
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{z}
%    The letter Z. This is symmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter z";
beginglyph("z",0.2);
x1=x2=midloc;
bot y1=-o; top y2=h;
draw z1--z2;         % the upright
x3=x5=leftloc; x4=x6=rightloc;
y3=y4=y1;  y5=y6=y2;
draw z3--z4;         % lower bar
draw z5--z6;         % upper bar
labels(1,2); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{h}
%    The letter H which is asymmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter h";
beginglyph("h", 0.6);
numeric alpha;
alpha:=0.1;
x1=x3=leftloc; x4=x6=rightloc;
bot y1=-o; top y6=h;
y3=y6-alpha*h; y4=y1+alpha*h;
z2=0.35[z1,z3]; z5=0.35[z4,z6];
z7=0.65[z1,z3]; z8=0.65[z4,z6];
draw z1--z3--z6--z4--cycle;   % outer boundary
draw z2--z5; draw z7--z8;     % bars
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{i}
%    The letter I which is symmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter i";
beginglyph("i",0.2);
x1=x2=midloc;
bot y1=-o; top y2=h;
draw z1--z2;
labels(1,2); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{k}
%    The letter K which is asymmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter k";
beginglyph("k",0.6);
numeric alpha;
alpha:=0.8;
z1=(leftloc,0);
z3=(leftloc,h);
z5=(rightloc,h);
z4=alpha[z1,z5];
z2=alpha[z1,z3];
draw z1--z5;     % the stem
draw z3--z4--z2; % the arms
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{l}
%    The letter L which is asymmetrical. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter l";
beginglyph("l",0.4);
x1=leftloc; x2=x3=rightloc;
bot y2=-o; 
y1=.3h;
y3=h;
draw z2--z3;               % the upright
draw z2--z1;               % the arms
labels(1,2,3); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{m}
%    The letter M which is asymmetrical. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar"Phoenician letter m";
beginglyph("m",1.0);
x1=leftloc;
x5=x6=rightloc;
x2=1/4[x1,x5]; x3=1/2[x1,x5]; x4=3/4[x1,x5]; 
bot y6= -o;
top y5= top y3 = h;
top y1=.8h;
y2=.6h;
y4=.7h;
draw z6--z5;
draw z1--z2--z3--z4--z5;
labels(1,2,3,4,5,6); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{n}
%    The letter N which is asymmetrical. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter n";
beginglyph("n",0.6);
x1=leftloc;
x3=midloc; x2=x4=rightloc;
bot y2=-o;
top y1= top y4= h;
y3=.7h;
draw z2--z4;
draw z1--z3--z4;
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{o}
%    The letter O which is symmetrical. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter o";
beginglyph("o",1.0);
x1=leftloc; 
x3=rightloc;
top y2=h;
bot y4=-o;
x2=x4=midloc;
y1=y3=h/2;
draw z1..z2..z3..z4..cycle;
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{p}
%    The letter P which is asymmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter p";
beginglyph("p", 0.4);
x1=leftloc; x2=x3=rightloc;
bot y3=-o; y2=h;
y1=0.8h;
draw z1..z2{right}--z3;
labels(1,2,3); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{tsade}
% The Phoenician \textit{tsade}. I'll map it to w.
%    \begin{macrocode}

cmchar "Phoenician letter tsade (w)";
beginglyph("w", 0.6);
x1=x2=leftloc;
x3=0.6[leftloc, rightloc];
x4=0.4[leftloc, rightloc];
x5=rightloc;
y1=0;
y2=y3=h;
y4=y5=0.8h;
draw z1--z2--z3--z4--z5;
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{Q}
%    The letter Q which is symmetrical. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter q";
beginglyph("q",0.6);
numeric alpha;
x1=leftloc;
x3=rightloc;
alpha=0.5*(x3-x1);  % circle radius
y2=h;
y4=y2-2*alpha;
bot y5=-o;
x2=x4=x5=midloc;
y1=y3=h-alpha;
draw z1..z2..z3..z4..cycle;  % the circle
draw z5--z2;                 % the upright
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{r}
%    The letter R which is asymmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
cmchar "Phoenician letter r";
beginglyph("r", 0.4);
x1=x2=x3=rightloc; x4=leftloc;
bot y1=-o; top y2=h;
y3=y4=0.5h;
draw z1--z2--z4--z3;
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;

%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{s}
%    The letter S which is symmetrical. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter s";
beginglyph("s", 0.6);
z1=(leftloc,h); z5=(rightloc,h);
x2=0.2[leftloc, rightloc]; x4=0.8[leftloc, rightloc];
x3=midloc;
y2=y4=0;
y3=0.4h;
draw z1--z2--z3--z4--z5;
labels(1,2,3,4,5); endchar;
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{t}
%    The letter T which is symmetrical.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter t";
beginglyph("t", 0.5);
x1=x2=midloc;
x3=leftloc; x4=rightloc;
bot y1=0; y2=h;
y3=y4=0.6h;
draw z1--z2;      % the stem
draw z3--z4;      % the bar
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{v}
%    Another form of \textit{vau} which is symmetrical. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
 
cmchar "Phoenician letter v";
beginglyph("v", 0.6);
x1=x2=midloc;
x3=leftloc; x4=rightloc;
bot y1=0; y2=0.6h;
y3=y4=h;
draw z1--z2;          % the stem
draw z3--z2--z4;      % the V crossbar
labels(1,2,3,4); endchar;
 
%</maj> 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%
%
% \section{The font definition files} \label{sec:fd}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*fdot1>
\DeclareFontFamily{OT1}{phnc}{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{phnc}{m}{n}{ <-> phnc10 }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{phnc}{bx}{n}{ <-> sub phnc/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{phnc}{b}{n}{ <-> sub phnc/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{phnc}{m}{sl}{ <-> sub phnc/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{OT1}{phnc}{m}{it}{ <-> sub phnc/m/n }{}
%</fdot1>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*fdt1>
\DeclareFontFamily{T1}{phnc}{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{phnc}{m}{n}{ <-> phnc10 }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{phnc}{bx}{n}{ <-> sub phnc/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{phnc}{b}{n}{ <-> sub phnc/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{phnc}{m}{sl}{ <-> sub phnc/m/n }{}
  \DeclareFontShape{T1}{phnc}{m}{it}{ <-> sub phnc/m/n }{}
%</fdt1>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \section{The \Lpack{phoenician} package code} \label{sec:code}
%
%    Announce the name and version of the package, which requires
% \LaTeXe{}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*usc>
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{phoenician}[1999/03/14 v1.0 package for Phoenician fonts]
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \begin{macro}{\phncfamily}
%    Selects the Phoenician font family in the OT1 encoding.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\phncfamily}{\usefont{OT1}{phnc}{m}{n}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\textphnc}
%    Text command for the Phoenician font family.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareTextFontCommand{\textphnc}{\phncfamily}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\TTheta}
% \begin{macro}{\TXi}
% \begin{macro}{\Tsade}
%    The Phoenician \textit{thet}, \textit{samech} and \textit{tsade} characters.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\chardef\TTheta='002
\chardef\TXi='004
\chardef\Tsade=`W
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\tTheta}
% \begin{macro}{\tXi}
% \begin{macro}{\tsade}
%    The Phoenician \textit{thet}, \textit{samech} and \textit{tsade} characters
% called as lowercase commands.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\chardef\tTheta='002
\chardef\tXi='004
\chardef\tsade=`w
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
%    The end of this package.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</usc>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%
% \bibliographystyle{alpha}
%
% \begin{thebibliography}{GMS94}
%
% \bibitem[Dru95]{DRUCKER95}
% Johanna Drucker.
% \newblock {\em The Alphabetic Labyrinth}.
% \newblock Thames and Hudson, 1995.
%
% \bibitem[Fir93]{FIRMAGE93}
% Richard A.~Firmage.
% \newblock {\em The Alphabet Abecedarium}.
% \newblock David R.~Goodine, 1993.
%
%
% \bibitem[GMS94]{GOOSSENS94}
% Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach, and Alexander Samarin.
% \newblock {\em The LaTeX Companion}.
% \newblock Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1994.
%
%
% \end{thebibliography}
%
%
% \Finale
% \PrintIndex
%
\endinput

%% \CharacterTable
%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}